Asignment 3: Gene doping in sports

Thesis statement: Gene doping is more effective than traditional chemical doping because of the principles of gene doping and the fact that it is nearly undetectable with correct technology; however, gene doping poses risks to athletes’’ health and there is development for detection of gene doping.
The first paragraph is about the principle and feasibility of gene doping, which explains how gene doping works on the human body, and why gene doping can be a doping method. In genetic engineering, there are four substances, namely insulin, erythropoietin (EPO), growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), that are structurally similar to human hormones (Fischetto & Bermon, 2013). Vascular endothelial growth factor gene, leptin and myostatin can also be used in gene doping (M. Unal & D. Unal, 2004). I would like to figure out how each substance works on athletes and improves their performances.
The second paragraph will mainly be about the advantages of genetic doping at the current science and technology level, as gene doping is undetectable with current technologies (M. Unal & D. Unal, 2004), which provides tools for unscrupulous athletes.
The third section of the paper will discuss the risk of gene doping and injury to athletes’ health. Specifically, I want to mention the outcomes of each kind of substance. For example, the use of myostatin can cause damage on tendons, ligaments, and bones (Fallahi, Ravasi, and Farhud, 2011).
The last paragraph is about evaluation of gene doping detection methods in the future, such as a method called ‘transcriptional

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